A bone conduction microphone and speaker mountable in contact with a users head or head area, each utilize a strategically mounted audio transducer that is preferably a piezoelectric ceramic bender. In the case of the speaker, the bender is coupled to an audio transformer which may or may not be potted with the bender within the same housing. Additionally, the speaker bender is mounted on a foam layer either with or without a supporting shelf depending on the desired application. The microphone bender is potted within the housing and includes a JFET and resistor mounted directly to the elements of the bender. The present microphone is designed to create the largest possible acoustic mismatch with air while nearly matching the acoustic impedance to the human skill structure. This attenuates the amount of ambient air noise coupled sound receivable into the microphone by greater than 80 dB. The speaker is designed with acoustic impedance matched for bone conduction sound.
Centrifugal Filter For Removing Soot From Engine Oil
Gene W. Brown - Kearney NE Steven J. Merritt - Kearney NE Farrell F. Calcaterra - Kearney NE John H. Beard - Kearney NE David F. May - Columbus IN Louis A. Krempel - Columbus IN
Assignee:
Baldwin Filters, Inc. - Kearney NE Analytical Engineering, Inc. - Columbus IN
A centrifuge filter for removing soot from engine oil. The centrifuge filter includes a rotor adapted to be rotated inside a centrifuge housing by an electric motor or other means. The rotor preferably includes a reusable aluminum support casing and a disposable plastic cartridge. The plastic cartridge includes a trap with partition walls to prevent wave formation in the rotating liquid contained in the trap. The cartridge includes an annular inlet through its top end, a winding flow path through the cartridge and an outlet at the bottom. The centrifuge housing includes an isolated sealed rotor chamber. Using the venturi effect, air is evacuated from the rotor chamber to provide a partial vacuum to reduce air drag on the rotor. Resilient rubber vibration isolators are used to reduce vibrations and engine induced shock loads from reaching the rotating element. A side oil inlet is provided in the cartridge to receive unfiltered oil at a location offset from the axis of rotation.
Centrifugal Filter Utilizing A Partial Vacuum Condition To Effect Reduced Air Drag On The Centrifuge Rotor
David F. May - Columbus IN Louis A. Krempel - Columbus IN Steven J. Merritt - Kearney NE
Assignee:
Analytical Engineering, Inc. - Columbus IN
International Classification:
B01D 2126
US Classification:
494 24, 494 49, 494 62, 494 84, 184 624
Abstract:
A centrifuge filter for removing soot from engine oil. The centrifuge filter includes a rotor adapted to be rotated inside a centrifuge housing by an electric motor or other means. The rotor preferably includes a reusable aluminum support casing and a disposable plastic cartridge. The plastic cartridge includes a trap with partition walls to prevent wave formation in the rotating liquid contained in the trap. The cartridge includes an annular inlet through its top end, a winding flow path through the cartridge and an outlet at the bottom enc. The centrifuge housing includes an isolated sealed rotor chamber. Using the venturi effect, air is evacuated from the rotor chamber to provide a partial vacuum to reduce air drag on the rotor. Resilient rubber vibration isolators are used to reduce vibrations and engine induced shock loads from reaching the rotating element. A side oil inlet is provided in the cartridge to receive unfiltered oil at a location offset from the axis of rotation.
Method And Apparatus To Determine Flow Rate With The Introduction Of Ambient Air
David F. May - Columbus IN Louis A. Krempel - Columbus IN Angela R. May - Columbus IN
Assignee:
Analytical Engineering, Inc. - Columbus IN
International Classification:
G01F 1704
US Classification:
7386105, 7386195, 7386163
Abstract:
A method of determining a rate of flow of a first gas in a pipe includes placing a flow-restricting device in the pipe such that the device and/or the pipe define a first channel section and a second channel section. The second channel section is disposed downstream from the first channel section. The first channel section has a first cross-sectional area. The second channel section having a second cross-sectional area less than the first cross-sectional area. A source of a second gas is provided in fluid communication with the second channel section. A low pressure in the second channel section is caused by an increased flow velocity and creates a flow of the second gas into the second channel section. A rate of a flow of the second gas into said second channel section is measured. A mathematical relationship between the rate of the flow of the second gas into the second channel section and the rate of flow of the first gas in the pipe is ascertained.
Exhaust Aftertreatment System And Method For An Internal Combustion Engine
David F. May - Columbus IN Charles R. Schenk - Ypsilanti MI Louis A. Krempel - Columbus IN H. Lee Fisher - Columbus IN Angela R. May - Columbus IN
Assignee:
Analytical Engineering, Inc. - Columbus IN
International Classification:
F01N 300
US Classification:
60297, 60274, 60288, 60301, 422169, 422177
Abstract:
An exhaust aftertreatment system for use with an internal combustion engine includes at least one leg having a multi-stage NOx adsorber, with each NOx adsorber stage corresponding to a different temperature range of NOx adsorption. In a multi-pass aftertreatment system, a manifold has at least one inlet and a plurality of outlets. A plurality of legs are connected with a respective manifold outlet. Each leg has a NOx adsorber therein. At least one valve is positioned in association with at least one leg for at least partially opening and closing the at least one leg.
Method Of Operating A Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engine
Brandon M. Simmons - Seymour IN, US David F. May - Columbus IN, US Cheng G. Li - Midland MI, US Clark H. Cummins - Midland MI, US
Assignee:
Dow Global Technologies LLC - Midland MI
International Classification:
F02B 47/02
US Classification:
123299, 123 27 GE, 123525
Abstract:
A method of operating a combustion ignition engine comprises introducing an amount of a compressibly non-ignitable fuel into the air induction system of a compression ignition engine during the intake stroke of the engine and then injecting an amount of compressibly ignitable fuel (e. g. , Diesel fuel) in the cylinder chamber at a crank angle sufficiently advanced during the compression stroke of the compression ignition engine such that the compressibly ignitable fuel and incompressible non-ignitable fuel ignite and combust such that substantially all of the fuel in the cylinder is combusted, where the amount of compressibly non-ignitable fuel introduced into the cylinder has an energy content that is at least about 50% to at most about 99% of the total energy content of the total amount of fuel introduced.
David May - Columbus IN, US Louis Krempel - Columbus IN, US
International Classification:
B04B009/06
US Classification:
494/024000, 494/036000, 494/049000, 494/084000
Abstract:
A centrifugal filter assembly for filtering particulates from a fluid medium includes a non-rotating filter housing. A filter is disposed within the housing. The filter is rotatable relative to the housing about an axis of rotation. The filter has an inlet and an outlet for the fluid medium. A filter medium is disposed within the filter. A drive mechanism rotates the filter.
Method Of Operating A Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engine
Brandon M. Simmons - Seymour IN, US Cheng G. Li - Midland IN, US David F May - Columbus IN, US
International Classification:
F02B 47/02
US Classification:
123 25 C
Abstract:
A method of operating a spark ignition engine comprises introducing a fuel comprised of a water soluble organic compound and at least 30% by volume water mixed in a homogeneous charge air-fuel mixture. The air-fuel mixture is compressed in an engine having a compression ratio of at least about 16, with such compression ratios including the effective compression ratios arising from precompressing the intake air (e.g., turbocharging). The compressed air fuel mixture is then ignited by a spark or like controllable ignition source.