Gonzalo R Arce

US Patent:

6493112, Dec 10, 2002

Filed:

Jan 11, 1999

Appl. No.:

09/228573

Inventors:

Gonzalo R. Arce - Wilmington DE
Daniel L. Lau - Newark DE

Assignee:

University of Delaware - Newark DE

International Classification:

H04N 140

US Classification:

358 319, 358 313

Abstract:

A method and apparatus for producing halftone images which utilizes the advantageous stochastic patterning of dots found in frequency-modulated, blue-noise masks, and avoids the problem of dot gain provided in amplitude-modulated masks. Here a green-noise spectrum is used to generate a dither mask and the halftone patterns for each gray-level are subjected to the stacking constraint. The filters used in building the green-noise masks comprise filters using the conventional blue-noise mask for a coarseness parameter Mâ(g)=1 and filters having a principle frequency f less than the principle frequency of blue-noise f when coarseness parameter Mâ(g) 1. Unlike blue-noise dither patterns, green-noise dither patterns comprise pixel clusters, making them less susceptible to image degradation from dot gain, generating dot-profiles that are visually pleasing to the human eye.

US Patent:

6512836, Jan 28, 2003

Filed:

Jul 28, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/627748

Inventors:

Liehua Xie - Herndon VA
Arianne Michelle Lewis - Chestnut Hill MA
Evert Basch - Stow MA
Gonzalo Arce - Wilmington DE

Assignee:

Verizon Laboratories Inc. - Waltham MA

International Classification:

G06K 900

US Classification:

382100, 713176, 713179

Abstract:

A system ( ) for watermarking digital data includes a watermark etching subsystem ( ) and a watermark extraction subsystem ( ). The watermark etching subsystem ( ) obtains a matrix of digital data values, selects windows including a plurality of data values from the matrix, specifies a parameter that indicates an acceptable amount of variation in the data values, and etches watermark bits in each window of data values using the specified parameter. The watermark extraction subsystem ( ) obtains a matrix of digital data values containing an etched watermark, selects windows comprising a plurality of data values from the matrix, and extracts watermark bits from each window of data values using the specified parameter.

US Patent:

6556689, Apr 29, 2003

Filed:

Apr 20, 1999

Appl. No.:

09/295426

Inventors:

Charles Boncelet, Jr. - Newark DE
Gonzalo R. Arce - Wilmington DE

Assignee:

University of Delaware - Newark DE

International Classification:

G06K 900

US Classification:

382100, 713176, 382240

Abstract:

The present invention relates to multiresolution watermarking methods for digital images which are based on a discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Pseudo-random codes are added to the large coefficients located at the high and middle frequency bands of the DWT of a digital image. A peak is detected to signify a signature of the watermark. The methods taught herein are more robust then conventional methods for common image distortions, such as the wavelet transform based image compression, additive noise, image halftoning, and image resealing. Moreover, the method is hierarchal. The computational load needed to detect the watermark depends on the noise level in an image. The multiresolution and hierarchial watermarking method taught by the present invention results in lower computational loads, on average, while providing a high quality watermark which is utilizable with modern image/video compression standards.

US Patent:

6606393, Aug 12, 2003

Filed:

Dec 2, 1999

Appl. No.:

09/453145

Inventors:

Liehua Xie - Newark DE
Arianne M. Lewis - Chestnut Hill MA
Evert Basch - Stow MA
Gonzalo Arce - Wilmington DE

Assignee:

Verizon Laboratories Inc. - Waltham MA

International Classification:

G06K 900

US Classification:

382100, 382168, 380210

Abstract:

According to the principles of the invention, there is provided a system for generating a message authentication code for a conventional digital video stream. The system operates on the rows and columns of block data for a video stream, and more specifically on histograms of DC coefficients from each row and column, to produce a compact code that is nonetheless descriptive of the underlying images in the video stream. The message authentication code can be reproduced from the images of a received video stream, and if desired, compared with a digital watermark embedded in the video stream in order to confirm the accuracy of the video content or identify the source of the video stream.

US Patent:

6665420, Dec 16, 2003

Filed:

Jun 19, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/596815

Inventors:

Liehua Xie - Newark DE
Arianne M. Lewis - Chestnut Hill MA
Evert Basch - Stow MA
Gonzalo Arce - Wilmington DE

Assignee:

Verizon Laboratories Inc. - Waltham MA

International Classification:

G06K 900

US Classification:

382100, 382232, 713176, 380 54

Abstract:

A method of generating a authentication code (âMACâ) with improved error tolerance exhibits improved survivability against acceptable signal distortions such as recompression. A method of generating a message authentication code associated with an image includes receiving blocks of image coefficient data where each coefficient has an original value falling within a range of values. The range of values is divided into first and second regions both having allowed coefficient values, and an error tolerance buffer region formed between the first and second regions having disallowed coefficient values. The original values of DC coefficients from each block of the image coefficient data is mapped to a modified value contained in one of the first and second regions, but not contained in the error tolerance buffer region. A MAC is generated as a function of the most significant bits of the modified image coefficient values.

US Patent:

6728642, Apr 27, 2004

Filed:

Mar 27, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/108841

Inventors:

Karen Marie Bloch - Wilmington DE
Gonzalo Ramiro Arce - Wilmington DE

Assignee:

E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company - Wilmington DE

International Classification:

G06F 1900

US Classification:

702 20, 702 27, 702 30

Abstract:

A method of classifying biological elements into functional families includes the steps of representing a characteristic numerically, performing a time-frequency transform on the numeric representation, and identifying biological elements of a common functional family by clusters of data having a common frequency characteristic in the time-frequency domain. Biologically active regions on those biological elements are identified by an amplitude analysis of the clusters.

US Patent:

7173733, Feb 6, 2007

Filed:

Nov 7, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/289397

Inventors:

Cesar L. Nino - Newark DE, US
Gonzalo R. Arce - Newark DE, US

Assignee:

University of Delaware - Newark DE

International Classification:

H04N 1/52
H04N 1/60

US Classification:

358 19, 358504, 358534

Abstract:

A method for modeling color halftones that reduces both the number of parameters and the number of measurements needed to characterize an inkjet color printer. The method is based on the eigenanalysis of sample reflectance data and a probabilistic analysis that considers light scattering on the paper substrate as a breakage process governed by a log-normal distribution. The method estimates the reflectance of a print color by characterizing colors as a multiplicative composition of primary color reflectances rather than as an additive mixture of primary and secondary color reflectances as suggested by the theory of Neugebaeur.

US Patent:

7224845, May 29, 2007

Filed:

Feb 28, 2003

Appl. No.:

10/376491

Inventors:

Leonard E. Russo - Nashua NH, US
Jose L. Paredes - Edo Merida, VE
Gonzalo R. Arce - Newark DE, US

Assignee:

BAE Systems Information And Electric Systems Integration Inc. - Nashua NH

International Classification:

G06K 9/46
G06K 9/00

US Classification:

382240

Abstract:

A new approach to multispectral image compression where the intra- and cross-band correlations are jointly exploited in a surprisingly simple yet very effective manner. The key component of the algorithm is a bijection mapping of the original multispectral image into a virtual 2 dimensional scalar image. By optimally mapping the multispectral image set into a single 2 dimensional array and by subsequently applying a scalar image coding algorithm, the spatial correlation and the spectral correlation of the multispectral data set are jointly exploited. Based on the statistical characteristics of the multispectral data, the bijection mapping can be optimized to minimize the distortion introduced by the compression algorithm. The optimization reduces to the maximization of a function of the second-order statistics of the multispectral data. At high compression rates, the new algorithm outperforms traditional compression algorithms whenever the cross-band correlation is high and it yields comparable performance at low compression rates.