Jason Shaoyun Xiang - Winchester MA, US Eddine Saiah - Brookline MA, US Steve Y. Tam - Wellesley MA, US John C. Mckew - Arlington MA, US Lihren Chen - Bedford MA, US Manus Ipek - Watertown MA, US Jianchang Li - Carlisle MA, US Wei Li - Acton MA, US Tarek Suhayl Mansour - New City NY, US Vipin Suri - Waltham MA, US Yuchuan Wu - Acton MA, US Jinbo Lee - Andover MA, US Eva Binnun - Boston MA, US Douglas P. Wilson - Ayer MA, US
Jeremy Levin - New City NY, US Thomas Rush - Lexington MA, US Frank Lovering - Acton MA, US Yonghan Hu - Burlington MA, US Jianchang Li - Carlisle MA, US Wei Li - Acton MA, US Jun Wu - Arlington MA, US Rajeev Hotchandani - Somerville MA, US Jason Xiang - Winchester MA, US Xuemei Du - Valley Cottage NY, US Derek Cole - New City NY, US Steve Tam - Wellesley MA, US
Jason Shaoyun Xiang - Winchester MA, US Eddine Saiah - Brookline MA, US Steve Y. Tam - Wellesley MA, US John C. McKew - Arlington MA, US Lihren Chen - Bedford MA, US Manus Ipek - Watertown MA, US Katherine Lee - West Newton MA, US Jianchang Li - Carlisle MA, US Wei Li - Acton MA, US Tarek Suhayl Mansour - New City NY, US Vipin Suri - Waltham MA, US Richard Vargas - Lexington MA, US Yuchuan Wu - Acton MA, US Jinbo Lee - Andover MA, US Eva Binnun - Boston MA, US Douglas P. Wilson - Ayer MA, US
Jeremy Ian Levin - New City NY, US Frank Lovering - Acton MA, US Yonghan Hu - Burlington MA, US Jianchang Li - Carlisle MA, US Wei Li - Acton MA, US Jun Jun Wu - Arlington MA, US Rajeev Hotchandani - Somerville MA, US Jason Shaoyun Xiang - Winchester MA, US Xuemei Du - Valley Cottage NY, US Derek Cecil Cole - New City NY, US Steve Yikkai Tam - Wellesley MA, US
Wei LI - Acton MA, US Jianchang Li - Acton MA, US Yuchuan Wu - Acton MA, US Junjun Wu - Billerica MA, US Rajeev Hotchandani - Watertown MA, US Steve Yikkai Tam - Wellesley MA, US Tarek Suhayl - Mansour NY, US Joseph P. Sypek - Waban MA, US Iain McFadyen - Medford MA, US
The present teachings relate to compounds of formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, X, and Y are as defined herein. The present teachings also provide methods of making the compounds of formula I and methods of inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases, in particular, MMP-12, that may be involved in pathological disorders found in mammals, including a human.