Joseph A Michael

US Patent:

6361717, Mar 26, 2002

Filed:

Jan 20, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/488422

Inventors:

Larry R. Dalton - Bainbridge Island WA
Cheng Zhang - Los Angeles CA
Chuanguang Wang - Los Angeles CA
Harold R. Fetterman - Pacific Palisades CA
Fang Wang - Highland Park NJ
William Steier - San Marino CA
Aaron W. Harper - Monterey Park CA
Albert S. Ren - Los Angeles CA
Joseph Michael - Los Angeles CA

Assignee:

Pacific Wave Industries, Inc. - Los Angeles CA

International Classification:

G02F 135

US Classification:

252582, 359328

Abstract:

Sterically stabilized second-order nonlinear optical chromophores and devices incorporating the same are embodied in a variety of chromophore materials. An exemplary preferred chromophore includes an electron donor group, an electron acceptor group and a bridge structure therebetween, with the electron acceptor group being double bonded to the bridge structure. In a preferred embodiment, the bridge structure also includes at least one bulky side group. Another exemplary preferred chromophore includes an electron donor group, an electron acceptor group and a ring-locked bridge structure between the electron donor group and the electron acceptor group. The bridge structure comprises, for example, two protected alicyclic rings or ring-locked trienone. Another exemplary preferred chromophore includes an electron donor group, a ring-locked tricyano electron acceptor group, and a bridge structure therebetween. In a preferred embodiment, the electron acceptor group comprises an isophorone structure.

US Patent:

60671866, May 23, 2000

Filed:

Jul 27, 1998

Appl. No.:

9/122806

Inventors:

Larry R. Dalton - Bainbridge Island WA
Harold R. Fetterman - Pacific Palisades CA
Fang Wang - Highland Park NJ
William Steier - San Marino CA
Aaron W. Harper - Monterey Park CA
Albert S. Ren - Los Angeles CA
Joseph Michael - Los Angeles CA

Assignee:

Pacific Wave Industries, Inc. - Beverly Hills CA

International Classification:

G02B 100
G02B 104
G02F 1035
G02F 1061

US Classification:

359321

Abstract:

A new class of high hyperpolarizability organic chromophores and a process for synthesizing the same. The chromophores incorporate at least one organic substituent and are formed in consideration of molecular shapes and a spatial anisotropy of intermolecular interactions. The chromophores are processed into hardened material lattices to lock-in poling induced electric-optic activity. Preferred organic substituents are alkyl, aryl, and isophorone groups. A composite including the organic chromophore, in a preferred embodiment, includes a polymer such as a poly(methylmethacrylate), polyimide, polyamic acid, polystyrene, polycarbonate or polyurethane. The optimized chromophores result in hardened electro-optic polymers suitable for electro-optic modulators and other devices such as optical switches. These modulators can be configured to work at high frequencies and in arrays for applications in communications and network connections. In addition, they can be implemented in series and parallel combinations in phased array radar, signal processing and sensor technology applications.