Paul A Christian

US Patent:

6403257, Jun 11, 2002

Filed:

Jul 10, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/612864

Inventors:

Paul A. Christian - Norton MA
Ou Mao - New Milford CT

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 450

US Classification:

429224, 423599

Abstract:

The invention relates to an improved method for preparing a lithiated manganese dioxide having a stabilized -MnO -type crystal structure whereby an essentially dry mixture of manganese dioxide and a lithium salt is subjected to a mechanical activation process in the presence of milling media. The mechanical activation process serves to promote partial ion-exchange of protons present in the manganese dioxide crystal lattice and on the surface of the manganese dioxide particles by lithium cations. The formed lithium ion-exchanged intermediate product is heat-treated to form a lithiated manganese dioxide product having a -MnO -type crystal structure that can be advantageously included in the cathode of a lithium primary electrochemical cell.

US Patent:

6620550, Sep 16, 2003

Filed:

Jan 23, 2001

Appl. No.:

09/768138

Inventors:

Paul A. Christian - Norton MA
Ou Mao - New Milford CT
Shuming Zeng - Brookfield CT

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 450

US Classification:

429224, 429232

Abstract:

The invention provides an improved method for preparing homogeneous intermixtures of particulate manganese dioxide and conductive carbon for use in cathodes for electrochemical cells, in particular alkaline primary cells. Homogeneous intermixtures can be prepared by mechanically activating an essentially dry admixture of particulate electrolytic manganese dioxide and a natural graphite, an expanded graphite or combinations thereof with inert, rigid milling media by the agitation process of the invention. Improved cell discharge performance at both low and high rates of discharge can be achieved for extremely low levels of highly expanded graphite, typically between about 1 and 5 wt %.

US Patent:

6740451, May 25, 2004

Filed:

Dec 20, 2001

Appl. No.:

10/022272

Inventors:

Paul A. Christian - Norton MA
Stuart M. Davis - Norfolk MA
Tatjana Mezini - Medford MA

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 462

US Classification:

429223, 429233, 296231

Abstract:

An alkaline battery includes a cathode including a gold salt, an anode including zinc, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an alkaline electrolyte.

US Patent:

6991875, Jan 31, 2006

Filed:

Aug 28, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/228957

Inventors:

Paul A. Christian - Norton MA, US
George Cintra - Holliston MA, US
Richard E. Durkot - East Walpole MA, US

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 4/32
H01M 4/52
H01M 4/42

US Classification:

429223, 429206, 429229, 4292318, 429232, 296231

Abstract:

An alkaline battery includes a cathode including a nickel oxyhydroxide and an anode including zinc or zinc alloy particles.

US Patent:

7045252, May 16, 2006

Filed:

Aug 8, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/214329

Inventors:

Paul A. Christian - Norton MA, US
Zhiping Jiang - Westford MA, US
Rita Komm - Needham MA, US

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 4/50

US Classification:

429224, 429229, 429206, 429232, 429271, 296231

Abstract:

An alkaline battery includes a cathode including lambda-manganese dioxide and gamma-manganese dioxide, an anode including zinc, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an alkaline electrolyte contacting the anode and the cathode.

US Patent:

7081319, Jul 25, 2006

Filed:

Mar 4, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/086807

Inventors:

Paul A. Christian - Norton MA, US
Tatjana Mezini - Medford MA, US

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 4/32
H01M 4/52
H01M 4/58
H01M 6/00

US Classification:

429223, 296235

Abstract:

Nickel oxyhydroxide can be prepared by exposing a mixture of a nickel hydroxide and a hydroxide salt to ozone. The nickel oxyhydroxide is suitable for use in the cathode of a battery.

US Patent:

7273680, Sep 25, 2007

Filed:

Apr 26, 2004

Appl. No.:

10/831899

Inventors:

Richard E. Durkot - East Walpole MA, US
Dean MacNeil - Cambridge MA, US
Paul A. Christian - Norton MA, US
Francis Wang - Framingham MA, US
George Cintra - Holliston MA, US
James R. Costanzo - Danbury CT, US

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 4/32
H01M 4/52
H01M 4/42

US Classification:

429223, 429206, 429229, 4292318, 429232

Abstract:

A primary alkaline battery includes a cathode including a nickel oxyhydroxide and an anode including zinc or zinc alloy particles. Performance of the nickel oxyhydroxide alkaline cell is improved by adding zinc fines to the anode.

US Patent:

7300722, Nov 27, 2007

Filed:

Apr 11, 2005

Appl. No.:

11/103050

Inventors:

Paul A. Christian - Norton MA, US
Cahit Eylem - Bellingham MA, US
Kirakodu S. Nanjundaswamy - Sharon MA, US
Fan Zhang - Needham MA, US
Xiandong Wang - Acton MA, US

Assignee:

The Gillette Company - Boston MA

International Classification:

H01M 4/58
H01M 4/40

US Classification:

42923195, 4292181, 4292311, 4292319, 4292316

Abstract:

A battery includes a cathode having an oxide containing one or more metals and pentavalent bismuth, an anode including lithium, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte. The metal(s) can be an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, and/or a main group metal.