Paul J O'Brien

US Patent:

60371293, Mar 14, 2000

Filed:

May 28, 1998

Appl. No.:

9/086372

Inventors:

David J. Cole - Mt. Pleasant SC
Paul L. Baron - Charleston SC
Paul H. O'Brien - Charleston SC

Assignee:

Medical University of South Carolina - SC

International Classification:

C12Q 168
C07H 2104

US Classification:

435 6

Abstract:

A method of detecting the metastasis of primary breast cancer to a lymph node is provided, comprising detecting, in lymph node tissue, the presence of a nucleic acid of c-myc, PIP or keratin-19. The presence of any one of these nucleic acids in lymph node tissue is associated with metastatic breast cancer. The presence of one or more of these markers in lymph node tissue or other tissue indicates that cells from the primary tumor have migrated from the breast tissue to the lymph node or other tissue. Also provided is a method of predicting the histopathologic stage of a cancer in a patient without having to perform a histopathologic analysis, comprising detecting, in lymph node tissue from the patient, the presence of a nucleic acid of c-myc, the presence of a nucleic acid of c-myc being correlated with stage I cancer as determined by histopathology. Alternatively, the absence of a nucleic acid of PIP and the absence of a nucleic acid of keratin-19 are correlated with stage I cancer as determined by histopathology. In another embodiment, the presence of a nucleic acid of PIP is correlated with stages later than stage I cancer as determined by histopathology.

US Patent:

44676212, Aug 28, 1984

Filed:

Sep 22, 1982

Appl. No.:

6/421320

Inventors:

Paul R. O'Brien - Falls Church VA

International Classification:

F25B 1300

US Classification:

623241

Abstract:

A fluid/vacuum chamber (FVC) is disclosed comprising a rigid porous membrane element wherein a vacuum is applied to one side of the porous element and a fluid is passed along the other side of the porous element to remove the heat of vaporization via the pressure differential. This chamber is useful as to reduce energy consumption in a desalination unit, a heat pump, an ice-making system and refrigeration systems. The porous material may be constructed of sintered brass, sintered stainless steel, polymeric plastic, a paper filter element, etc. in order to provide porous openings, of about 5 to about 100 microns. Also disclosed is the use of a fluid/vacuum chamber (FVC) in a heating cycle or cooling cycle. A compressor or vacuum pump normally provides the vacuum suction for the fluid/vacuum chamber (FVC).