Xu Wu

US Patent:

60233400, Feb 8, 2000

Filed:

May 7, 1998

Appl. No.:

9/074081

Inventors:

Xu Wu - Danbury CT
Edmund J. Fordham - Danbury CT
Oliver C. Mullins - Ridgefield CT
Rogerio Tadeu Ramos - Brookfield CT

Assignee:

Schlumberger Technology Corporation - Ridgefield CT

International Classification:

G01N 2100

US Classification:

356432

Abstract:

Single point optical probes for measuring three-phase characteristics of fluid flow in a hydrocarbon well and methods of processing signals generated by the probe are disclosed. A probe having a single fiber optic is coupled to a light source and apparatus for detecting reflectance and fluorescence. Light is delivered to the tip of the probe where it either is internally reflected in the probe or exits the probe and illuminates the fluid (liquid) ambient the probe tip. If the fluid at the probe tip is oil, the light exits the probe, illuminates the oil, and causes the oil to fluoresce. If the fluid is water, no fluorescence occurs. If the fluid is gas, at least some light is internally reflected in the probe. A detection system including at least one beam splitter and fluorescence and reflectance detectors is provided in conjunction with the probe. Preferably, the fluorescence detector is coupled to the fiber optic by a wavelength division multiplexer.

US Patent:

58594302, Jan 12, 1999

Filed:

Apr 10, 1997

Appl. No.:

8/827647

Inventors:

Oliver C. Mullins - Ridgefield CT
Xu Wu - Danbury CT

Assignee:

Schlumberger Technology Corporation - Ridgefield CT

International Classification:

G01N 2135
G01N 3324

US Classification:

250255

Abstract:

A borehole tool analyzes the composition of gases flowing from a formation. The tool includes an optical fluid analyzer (OFA) and a gas analysis module (GAM). The OFA determines when fluid flowing into the tool has become substantially only gas. The gas is then diverted to the GAM, thereby avoiding the possibility of oil depositing itself on a optical window and interfering with a proper analysis. The GAM includes a near infrared ray light source, at least one photo-detector, a gas sample cell (or cells) having portions with different path lengths, each portion having an optical window, and fiber optics which direct light in first paths from the source to the sample cell, and from the sample cell to the photo-detectors. By providing cells with different path lengths, issues of dynamic range are obviated. The GAM also preferably includes a second optical path which goes directly from the light source to the photo-detectors and is used for canceling drift, and a third optical path which goes from the light source, through a known standard such as methane to the photo-detectors and is used for compensation of shifts in actual hydrocarbon peak locations or shifts in optical filter wavelengths.

US Patent:

61406376, Oct 31, 2000

Filed:

May 19, 1995

Appl. No.:

8/445121

Inventors:

Oliver C. Mullins - Ridgefield CT
Xu Wu - Danbury CT
Philip Rabbito - Milford CT

Assignee:

Schlumberger Technology Corporation - New York NY

International Classification:

G01V 504

US Classification:

2502691

Abstract:

A method of locating in situ hydrocarbons in underground formations comprises illuminating the borehole wall with light such as visible, infrared or ultraviolet light or combinations of these, from a source in a tool such as a wireline logging tool or an LWD tool, detecting any fluorescent radiation with a detector in the tool and analyzing the florescent radiation to determine the presence of hydrocarbon in the formation. The tool is moved through the borehole while irradiating the formation and detecting fluorescence. The borehole wall is illuminated and fluorescence detected through a window in the tool which is pressed against the borehole wall with sufficient force to displace any mudcake. The window is made of a wear resistant material such sapphire or diamond and is conveniently secured in a wear resistant housing which might be made of tungsten carbide or the like.

US Patent:

59124598, Jun 15, 1999

Filed:

Jun 12, 1997

Appl. No.:

8/873849

Inventors:

Oliver C. Mullins - Ridgefield CT
Xu Wu - Danbury CT
Philip Rabbito - Milford CT

Assignee:

Schlumberger Technology Corporation - New York NY

International Classification:

G01V 802

US Classification:

250256

Abstract:

A method of locating in situ hydrocarbons in underground formations comprises illuminating the borehole wall with light such as visible, infrared or ultraviolet light or combinations of these, from a source in a tool such as a wireline logging tool or an LWD tool, detecting any fluorescent radiation with a detector in the tool and analyzing the florescent radiation to determine the presence of hydrocarbon in the formation. The tool is moved through the borehole while irradiating the formation and detecting fluorescence. The borehole wall is illuminated and fluorescence detected through a window in the tool which is pressed against the borehole wall with sufficient force to displace any mudcake. The window is made of a wear resistant material such sapphire or diamond and is conveniently secured in a wear resistant housing which might be made of tungsten carbide or the like.

US Patent:

6075611, Jun 13, 2000

Filed:

May 7, 1998

Appl. No.:

9/074082

Inventors:

Elizabeth B. Dussan V. - Ridgefield CT
Xu Wu - Danbury CT
Oliver C. Mullins - Ridgefield CT
Richard Gaylor - Brookfield CT
Rogerio Tadeu Ramos - Brookfield CT
Kenneth Stephenson - Cambridge, GB

Assignee:

Schlumberger Technology Corporation - Ridgefield CT

International Classification:

G01N 2100

US Classification:

356432

Abstract:

Single point optical probes for measuring three-phase characteristics of fluid flow in a hydrocarbon well and methods of processing signals generated by the probe are disclosed. A single fiber optic probe is coupled to a light source and apparatus for detecting reflectance and fluorescence. Light is delivered to the tip of the probe where it exits the probe and illuminates the liquid ambient the probe tip or is internally reflected in the probe when gas is located at the probe tip. If the fluid at the probe tip is oil, the light exits the probe, illuminates the oil, and causes the oil to fluoresce. According to one signal processing method of the invention, the reflectance signal is binarized at a threshold to provide a gas/liquid quasi-binary signal which changes over time. A time fraction of the signal values is used to calculate the gas holdup. According to other signal processing methods of the invention, the fluorescence indication signal is processed by taking its derivative (and if desired a second derivative) to determine the "corners" of the fluorescence signal over time.

US Patent:

55170242, May 14, 1996

Filed:

Mar 13, 1995

Appl. No.:

8/402680

Inventors:

Oliver C. Mullins - Ridgefield CT
Xu Wu - Danbury CT

Assignee:

Schlumberger Technology Corporation - Ridgefield CT

International Classification:

G01V 904

US Classification:

250254

Abstract:

A logging-while-drilling apparatus includes a source of exciting radiation, means for illuminating the borehole wall with the radiation and means for detecting radiation returning from the borehole resulting from illumination with the exciting radiation. A bottom hole assembly (BHA) incorporating such apparatus can comprise a drill bit, one or more stabilizers and one or more drill collars and the source and illuminating and detecting means can be located in one of these or distributed therebetween according to requirements. A window can be provided to allow illumination of the borehole and detection of returning radiation.

US Patent:

62686038, Jul 31, 2001

Filed:

Dec 3, 1998

Appl. No.:

9/204447

Inventors:

Oliver C. Mullins - Ridgefield CT
Xu Wu - Danbury CT
Charles Flaum - Ridgefield CT

Assignee:

Schlumberger Technology Corporation - Ridgefield CT

International Classification:

G01V 802

US Classification:

2502691

Abstract:

Methods and apparatuses for investigating formations surrounding a borehole involve acquiring a fluorescent signal over a portion of the borehole and analyzing the signal to detect the presence of crude oil. Analyzing the signal to detect the presence of crude oil may involve distinguishing mineral fluorescence from oil fluorescence. The signal may be analyzed further to distinguish characteristics of the crude oil, such as its grade (light, medium or heavy), and to indicate a physical property correlated with the fluorescence, such as the presence of laminations or formation permeability. In some embodiments, fluorescence signals from illuminating the portion of the borehole with at least two different wavelengths of light are analyzed.